http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.12316
The occurrence of a first-order hadron-quark matter phase transition at high baryon densities is investigated in astrophysical simulations of core-collapse supernovae, to decipher yet incompletely understood properties of the dense matter equation of state using neutrinos from such cosmic events. It is found that the emission of a non-standard second neutrino burst, dominated by electron-antineutrinos, is not only a measurable signal for the appearance of deconfined quark matter but also reveals information about the state of matter at extreme conditions encountered at the supernova interior. To this end, a large set of spherically symmetric supernova models is investigated, studying the dependence on the equation of state and on the stellar progenitor. General relativistic neutrino-radiation hydrodynamics is employed featuring three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport and a microscopic hadron-quark hybrid matter equation of state class, that covers a representative range of parameters. This facilitates the direct connection between intrinsic signatures of the neutrino signal and properties of the equation of state. In particular, a set of novel relations have been found empirically. These potentially provide a constraint for the onset density of a possible QCD phase transition, which is presently one of the largest uncertainties in modern investigations of the QCD phase diagram, from the future neutrino observation of the next galactic core-collapse supernova.
N. Largani, T. Fischer and N. Bastian
Tue, 25 Apr 23
10/72
Comments: 14 pages, 5 figures