Carbon-Oxygen Phase Separation in MESA White Dwarf Models [SSA]

http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10110


We enhance the treatment of crystallization for models of white dwarfs (WDs) in the stellar evolution software MESA by implementing carbon-oxygen (C/O) phase separation. The phase separation process during crystallization leads to transport of oxygen toward the center of WDs, resulting in a more compact structure that liberates gravitational energy as additional heating that modestly slows WD cooling timescales. We quantify this cooling delay in MESA C/O WD models over the mass range 0.5-1.0 $M_\odot$, finding delays of 0.5-0.8 Gyr for typical C/O interior profiles. MESA WD cooling timescales including this effect are generally comparable to other WD evolution models that make similar assumptions about input physics. When considering phase separation alongside $^{22}$Ne sedimentation, however, we find that some other sets of WD evolution models may overestimate the cooling delay associated with sedimentation, and this may therefore require a re-evaluation of previously proposed solutions to some WD cooling anomalies. Our implementation of C/O phase separation in the open-source stellar evolution software MESA provides an important tool for building realistic grids of WD cooling models, as well as a framework for expanding on our implementation to explore additional physical processes related to phase transitions and associated fluid motions in WD interiors.

Read this paper on arXiv…

E. Bauer
Mon, 20 Mar 23
6/51

Comments: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ. Comments welcome!