Formation of massive close binaries I. Detached evolution [SSA]

http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.06488


We explore the initial conditions that lead to detached binary evolution of massive pre-MS binaries and ask how large a fraction of the observed binary systems may have been initially formed as low-mass protobinaries and later undergone a significant accretion phase while remaining detached. We develop a family of analytic models to describe the orbital separation, $a$, and mass ratio, $q$, evolution. For a given mass accretion rate onto the binary system, we define a recipe for distributing this mass between the two components. For this we introduce a parameter $\eta$, such that $\frac{\dot{M}2}{\dot{M}_1}=q^\eta$ at any time, to determine the binary mass ratio evolution. Depending on the choice of $\eta$, any type of mass ratio evolution is possible. Furthermore, we use MESA, a detailed stellar structure code, to calculate an extensive grid of binary sequences where a protobinary undergoes accretion, and we identify the initial conditions that separates detached from non-detached pre-MS binary evolution. A value of $\eta$ around 2 allows accretion growth in detached systems to form close massive binaries on the Zero Age Main-Sequence with minimum orbital periods down to about 1.2 days for $M{\rm 1, ZAMS}=20-30M_{\odot}$ twin-binaries. $\eta=2$ can also reproduce the observed population of binary systems with primary stars above $6M_{\odot}$. The whole observed range of massive close binaries can form via accretion growth in detached systems, making the binary formation channel of accretion growth a strong contender to explain the formation of massive close binaries, including progenitors of coalescing binary black holes.

Read this paper on arXiv…

M. Sørensen, T. Fragos, G. Meynet, et. al.
Tue, 21 Aug 18
44/71

Comments: 27 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables, submitted to A&A. Abstract context removed to to fit arXiv