Chaotic dynamics of off-equatorial orbits around Pseudo-Newtonian Schwarzschild and Kerr-like compact objects surrounded by dipolar halo [CL]

http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.14740


In this paper, we implement a generalized pseudo-Newtonian potential and prescribe a numerical fitting formalism, to study the off-equatorial orbits inclined at a certain angle with the equatorial plane around both Schwarzschild and Kerr-like compact object primaries surrounded by a dipolar halo of matter. The chaotic dynamics of the orbits are detailed for both non-relativistic and special-relativistic test particles. The dependence of the degree of chaos on the rotation parameter $a$ and the inclination angle $i$ is established individually using widely used indicators, such as the Poincar\’e Map and the Lyapunov Characteristic Number. We find that although the chaoticity of the orbits has a positive correlation with $i$, the growth in the chaotic behaviour is not systematic. There exists a threshold value of the inclination angle $i_{\text{c}}$, after which the degree of chaos shows a sharp increase. On the other hand, the chaoticity of the inclined orbits anti-correlates with $a$ at the lower inclination angles. At higher values of $i$, the degree of chaos is maximum for the maximally counter-rotating compact objects, though it has a weak negative, sometimes positive, correlation with $a$ at its higher values. The studies performed with several initial conditions and orbital parameters reveal the intricate nature of the system.

Read this paper on arXiv…

S. Das and S. Roychowdhury
Tue, 28 Mar 23
49/81

Comments: 17 pages, 14 figures