http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09407
We investigate the thermodynamics of FRW (Friedmann-Robertson-Walker) universe in the extended phase space. We generalize the unified first law with a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ by using the Misner-Sharp energy. We treat the cosmological constant as the thermodynamic pressure of the system, and derive thermodynamic equation of state $P = P(V, T)$ for the FRW universe. To clarify our general result, we present two applications of this thermodynamic equation of state, including Joule-Thomson expansions and efficiency of the Carnot heat engines. These investigations lead to physical insights of the evolution of the universe in view of thermodynamics.
H. Abdusattar, S. Kong, W. You, et. al.
Tue, 24 Aug 21
28/76
Comments: 11 pages, 4 figures
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