# A search for faint high-redshift radio galaxy candidates at 150 MHz [GA]

Ultra-steep spectrum (USS) radio sources are good tracers of powerful radio galaxies at $z > 2$. Identification of even a single bright radio galaxy at $z > 6$ can be used to detect redshifted 21cm absorption due to neutral hydrogen in the intervening IGM. Here we describe a new sample of high-redshift radio galaxy (HzRG) candidates constructed from the TGSS ADR1 survey at 150 MHz. We employ USS selection ($\alpha \le -1.3$) in $\sim10000$ square degrees, in combination with strict size selection and non-detections in all-sky optical and infrared surveys. We apply flux density cuts that probe a unique parameter space in flux density ($50 < S_{\textrm{150}} < 200$ mJy) to build a sample of 32 HzRG candidates. Follow-up Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations at 1.4 GHz with an average beam size of $1.3$ arcseconds ($”$) revealed $\sim 48\%$ of sources to have a single radio component. P-band (370 MHz) imaging of 17 of these sources revealed a flattening radio SED for ten sources at low frequencies, which is expected from compact HzRGs. Two of our sources lie in fields where deeper multi-wavelength photometry and ancillary radio data are available and for one of these we find a best-fit photo-z of $4.8 \pm 2.0$. The other source has $z_{\textrm{phot}}=1.4 \pm 0.1$ and a small angular size ($3.7″$), which could be associated with an obscured star forming galaxy or with a “dead” elliptical. One USS radio source not part of the HzRG sample but observed with the VLA nonetheless is revealed to be a candidate giant radio galaxy with a host galaxy photo-z of $1.8\pm0.5$, indicating a size of 875 kpc.

A. Saxena, P. Jagannathan, H. Rottgering, et. al.
Wed, 17 Jan 18
2/51

Comments: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

# Radio haloes in nearby galaxies modelled with 1D cosmic-ray transport using SPINNAKER [GA]

We present radio continuum maps of 12 nearby ($D\leq 27~\rm Mpc$), edge-on ($i\geq 76^{\circ}$), late-type spiral galaxies mostly at $1.4$ and 5 GHz, observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, Very Large Array, Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, Effelsberg 100-m and Parkes 64-m telescopes. All galaxies show clear evidence of radio haloes, including the first detection in the Magellanic-type galaxy NGC 55. In 11 galaxies, we find a thin and a thick disc that can be better fitted by exponential rather than Gaussian functions. We fit our SPINNAKER (SPectral INdex Numerical Analysis of K(c)osmic-ray Electron Radio-emission) 1D cosmic-ray transport models to the vertical model profiles of the non-thermal intensity and to the non-thermal radio spectral index in the halo. We simultaneously fit for the advection speed (or diffusion coefficient) and magnetic field scale height. In the thick disc, the magnetic field scale heights range from 2 to 8 kpc with an average across the sample of $3.0\pm 1.7~\rm kpc$; they show no correlation with either star-formation rate (SFR), SFR surface density ($\Sigma_{\rm SFR}$) or rotation speed ($V_{\rm rot}$). The advection speeds range from 100 to $700~\rm km\,s^{-1}$ and display correlations of $V\propto \rm SFR^{0.36\pm 0.06}$ and $V\propto \Sigma_{\rm SFR}^{0.39\pm 0.09}$; they agree remarkably well with the escape velocities ($0.5\leq V/V_{\rm esc}\leq 2$), which can be explained by cosmic-ray driven winds. Radio haloes show the presence of disc winds in galaxies with $\Sigma_{\rm SFR} > 10^{-3}~\rm M_{\odot}\,yr^{-1}\,kpc^{-2}$ that extend over several kpc and are driven by processes related to the distributed star formation in the disc.

V. Heesen, M. Krause, R. Beck, et. al.
Wed, 17 Jan 18
3/51

Comments: 39 pages, 20 colour figures, 10 tables. Accepted by MNRAS

# The dependence of galaxy clustering on stellar mass, star-formation rate and redshift at z = 0.8-2.2, with HiZELS [GA]

The deep, near-infrared narrow-band survey HiZELS has yielded robust samples of H-alpha emitting star-forming galaxies within narrow redshift slices at z = 0.8, 1.47 and 2.23. In this paper, we distinguish the stellar mass and star-formation rate (SFR) dependence of the clustering of these galaxies. At high stellar masses (M/M_sol>2×10^10), where HiZELS selects galaxies close to the so-called star-forming main sequence, the clustering strength is observed to increase strongly with stellar mass (in line with the results of previous studies of mass-selected galaxy samples) and also with SFR. These two dependencies are shown to hold independently. At lower stellar masses, however, where HiZELS probes high specific SFR galaxies, there is little or no dependence of the clustering strength on stellar mass, but the dependence on SFR remains: high-SFR low-mass galaxies are found in more massive dark matter haloes than their lower SFR counterparts. We argue that this is due to environmentally driven star formation in these systems. We apply the same selection criteria to the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We find that, in EAGLE, the high-SFR low-mass galaxies are central galaxies in more massive dark matter haloes, in which the high SFRs are driven by a (halo-driven) increased gas content.

R. Cochrane, P. Best, D. Sobral, et. al.
Wed, 17 Jan 18
4/51

Comments: 17 pages, 13 figures; accepted by MNRAS

# Descendants of the first stars: the distinct chemical signature of second generation stars [GA]

Extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars in the Milky Way (MW) allow us to infer the properties of their progenitors by comparing their chemical composition to the metal yields of the first supernovae. This method is most powerful when applied to mono-enriched stars, i.e. stars that formed from gas that was enriched by only one previous supernova. We present a novel diagnostic to identify this subclass of EMP stars. We model the first generations of star formation semi-analytically, based on dark matter halo merger trees that yield MW-like halos at the present day. Radiative and chemical feedback are included self-consistently and we trace all elements up to zinc. Mono-enriched stars account for only $\sim 1\%$ of second generation stars in our fiducial model and we provide an analytical formula for this probability. We also present a novel analytical diagnostic to identify mono-enriched stars, based on the metal yields of the first supernovae. This new diagnostic allows us to derive our main results independently from the specific assumptions made regarding Pop III star formation, and we apply it to a set of observed EMP stars to demonstrate its strengths and limitations. Our results can be employed as selection criteria for current and future surveys and therefore contribute to a deeper understanding of EMP stars and their progenitors.

T. Hartwig, N. Yoshida, M. Magg, et. al.
Wed, 17 Jan 18
7/51

# VLBA Determination of the Distance to Nearby Star-forming Regions. VIII. The LkH$α$ 101 cluster [SSA]

The LkH$\alpha$ 101 cluster takes its name from its more massive member, the LkH$\alpha$ 101star, which is an $\sim15$ M$_\odot$ star whose true nature is still unknown. The distance to the LkH$\alpha$ 101 cluster has been controversial for the last few decades, with estimated values ranging from 160 to 800 pc. We have observed members and candidate members of the LkH$\alpha$ 101 cluster with signs of magnetic activity, using the Very Long Baseline Array, in order to measure their trigonometric parallax and, thus, obtain a direct measurement of their distances. A young star member, LkH$\alpha$ 101 VLA J043001.15+351724.6, was detected at four epochs as a single radio source. The best fit to its displacement on the plane of the sky yields a distance of 535$\pm$29 pc. We argue that this is the distance to the LkH$\alpha$ 101 cluster.

S. Dzib, G. Ortiz-Leon, L. Loinard, et. al.
Wed, 17 Jan 18
9/51

Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ

# The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: the CIV Blueshift, Its Variability, and Its Dependence Upon Quasar Properties [GA]

We use the multi-epoch spectra of 362 quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping project to investigate the dependence of the blueshift of CIV relative to MgII on quasar properties. We confirm that high-blueshift sources tend to have low CIV equivalent widths (EWs), and that the low-EW sources span a range of blueshift. Other high-ionization lines, such as HeII, also show similar blueshift properties. The ratio of the line width (measured as both the full-width at half maximum and the velocity dispersion) of CIV to that of MgII increases with blueshift. Quasar variability might enhance the connection between the CIV blueshift and quasar properties (e.g., EW). The variability of the MgII line center (i.e., the wavelength that bisects the cumulative line flux) increases with blueshift. In contrast, the CIV line center shows weaker variability at the extreme blueshifts. Quasars with the high-blueshift CIV lines tend to have less variable continuum emission, when controlling for EW, luminosity, and redshift. Our results support the scenario that high-blueshift sources tend to have large Eddington ratios.

M. Sun, Y. Xue, G. Richards, et. al.
Wed, 17 Jan 18
10/51

Comments: 18 pages, 25 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ

# The Physical Characteristics of Interstellar Medium in NGC 3665 with Herschel Observations [GA]

We present the analysis of the physical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the nearby early-type galaxy NGC 3665, based on the far-infrared (FIR) photometric and spectroscopic data as observed by the Herschel Space Observatory. The fit to the spectral energy distribution reveals a high dust content in the galaxy, with the dust-to-stellar mass ratio of $M_{\rm dust}$/$M_\ast$ $\sim$ 1.1 $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ that is nearly three times larger than the mean value of local S0+S0a galaxies. For the ionized regions (H~\textsc{ii} regions), the electron density (n$e$) is around 49.5 $\pm$ 11.9 cm$^{-3}$ based on the [N~\textsc{ii}]\,122\,\mum/[N~\textsc{ii}]\,205\,\mum\ ratio. For the photodissociation regions, the heating efficiency is in the range of 1.26 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ and 1.37 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ based on the ([C~\textsc{ii}$]+[$O~\textsc{i}]\,63\,\mum)/$L{\rm TIR}$, which is slightly lower than other local galaxies; the hydrogen nucleus density and the strength of FUV radiation field are n $\sim$ 10$^{4}$ cm$^{-3}$ and G$_0$ $\sim$ 10$^{-0.25}$, respectively. The above results are consistent with the presence of weak AGN and a low level of star-forming activity in NGC 3665. Our results give strong support to the `morphological quenching’ scenario, where a compact, massive bulge can stabilize amount of cool gas against star formation.

M. Xiao, Y. Zhao, Q. Gu, et. al.
Wed, 17 Jan 18
17/51

Comments: 31 pages, 6 figures, accepted to ApJ