# Pulsed Accretion in the T Tauri Binary TWA 3A [SSA]

TWA 3A is the most recent addition to a small group of young binary systems that both actively accrete from a circumbinary disk and have spectroscopic orbital solutions. As such, it provides a unique opportunity to test binary accretion theory in a well-constrained setting. To examine TWA 3A’s time-variable accretion behavior, we have conducted a two-year, optical photometric monitoring campaign, obtaining dense orbital phase coverage (~20 observations per orbit) for ~15 orbital periods. From U-band measurements we derive the time-dependent binary mass accretion rate, finding bursts of accretion near each periastron passage. On average, these enhanced accretion events evolve over orbital phases 0.85 to 1.05, reaching their peak at periastron. The specific accretion rate increases above the quiescent value by a factor of ~4 on average but the peak can be as high as an order of magnitude in a given orbit. The phase dependence and amplitude of TWA 3A accretion is in good agreement with numerical simulations of binary accretion with similar orbital parameters. In these simulations, periastron accretion bursts are fueled by periodic streams of material from the circumbinary disk that are driven by the binary orbit. We find that TWA 3A’s average accretion behavior is remarkably similar to DQ Tau, another T Tauri binary with similar orbital parameters, but with significantly less variability from orbit to orbit. This is only the second clear case of orbital-phase-dependent accretion in a T Tauri binary.

B. Tofflemire, R. Mathieu, G. Herczeg, et. al.
Fri, 23 Jun 17
8/48

# Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations for Studying Solar Flare Trigger Mechanism [SSA]

In order to understand the flare trigger mechanism, we conducted three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations using a coronal magnetic field model derived from data observed by the Hinode satellite. Several types of magnetic bipoles were imposed into the photospheric boundary of the Non-linear Force-Free Field (NLFFF) model of Active Region NOAA 10930 on 2006 December 13 to investigate what kind of magnetic disturbance may trigger the flare. As a result, we confirm that certain small bipole fields, which emerge into the highly sheared global magnetic field of an active region, can effectively trigger a flare. These bipole fields can be classified into two groups based on their orientation relative to the polarity inversion line: the so called opposite polarity (OP) and reversed shear (RS) structures as it was suggested by Kusano et al. (2012). We also investigated the structure of the footpoints of reconnected field lines. By comparing the distribution of reconstructed field lines and the observed flare ribbons, the trigger structure of the flare can be inferred. Our simulation suggests that the data-constrained simulation taking into account both the large-scale magnetic structure and the small-scale magnetic disturbance such as emerging fluxes is a good way to find out a flare productive active region for space weather prediction.

J. Muhamad, K. Kusano, S. Inoue, et. al.
Fri, 23 Jun 17
9/48

# Gap and rings carved by vortices in protoplanetary dust [EPA]

Large-scale vortices in protoplanetary disks are thought to form and survive for long periods of time. Hence, they can significantly change the global disk evolution and particularly the distribution of the solid particles embedded in the gas, possibly explaining asymmetries and dust concentrations recently observed at sub-millimeter and millimeter wavelengths. We investigate the spatial distribution of dust grains using a simple model of protoplanetary disk hosted by a giant gaseous vortex. We explore the dependence of the results on grain size and deduce possible consequences and predictions for observations of the dust thermal emission at sub-millimeter and millimeter wavelengths. Global 2D simulations with a bi-fluid code are used to follow the evolution of a single population of solid particles aerodynamically coupled to the gas. Possible observational signatures of the dust thermal emission are obtained using simulators of ALMA and ngVLA observations. We find that a giant vortex not only captures dust grains with Stokes number St < 1 but can also affect the distribution of larger grains (with St ‘~’ 1) carving a gap associated to a ring composed of incompletely trapped particles. The results are presented for different particle size and associated to their possible signatures in disk observations. Gap clearing in the dust spatial distribution could be due to the interaction with a giant gaseous vortex and their associated spiral waves, without the gravitational assistance of a planet. Hence, strong dust concentrations at short sub-mm wavelengths associated with a gap and an irregular ring at longer mm and cm wavelengths could indicate the presence of an unseen gaseous vortex.

P. Barge, L. Ricci, C. Carilli, et. al.
Fri, 23 Jun 17
10/48

Comments: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

# Gravitational effects of condensed dark matter on strange stars [CL]

In the present work we study the gravitational effects of condensed dark matter on strange stars. We consider self-interacting dark matter particles with properties consistent with current observational constraints, and dark matter inside the star is modelled as a Bose-Einstein condensate. We integrate numerically the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations in the two-fluid formalism assuming that strange stars are made of up to 4 per cent of dark matter. It is shown that for a mass of the dark matter particles in the range $50 MeV-160 MeV$ strange stars are characterized by a maximum mass and radius similar to the ones found for neutron stars.

G. Panotopoulos and I. Lopes
Fri, 23 Jun 17
11/48

Comments: Two-column REVTEX, 5 pages, 3 figures

# The Multiplicity of M-Dwarfs in Young Moving Groups [SSA]

We image 104 newly identified low-mass (mostly M-dwarf) pre-main sequence members of nearby young moving groups with Magellan Adaptive Optics (MagAO) and identify 27 binaries with instantaneous projected separation as small as 40 mas. 15 were previously unknown. The total number of multiple systems in this sample including spectroscopic and visual binaries from the literature is 36, giving a raw multiplicity rate of at least $35^{+5}{-4}\%$ for this population. In the separation range of roughly 1 – 300 AU in which infrared AO imaging is most sensitive, the raw multiplicity rate is at least $24^{+5}{-4}\%$ for binaries resolved by the MagAO infrared camera (Clio). The M-star sub-sample of 87 stars yields a raw multiplicity of at least $30^{+5}{-4}\%$ over all separations, $21^{+5}{-4}\%$ for secondary companions resolved by Clio from 1 to 300 AU ($23^{+5}{-4}\%$ for all known binaries in this separation range). A combined analysis with binaries discovered by the Search for Associations Containing Young stars shows that multiplicity fraction as a function of mass and age over the range of 0.2 to 1.2 $M\odot$ and 10 – 200 Myr appears to be linearly flat in both parameters and across YMGs. This suggests that multiplicity rates are largely set by 100 Myr without appreciable evolution thereafter. After bias corrections are applied, the multiplicity fraction of low-mass YMG members ($< 0.6 M_\odot$) is in excess of the field.

Y. Shan, J. Yee, P. Bowler, et. al.
Fri, 23 Jun 17
12/48

# Predicting the locations of possible long-lived low-mass first stars: Importance of satellite dwarf galaxies [GA]

The search for metal-free stars has so far been unsuccessful, proving that if there are surviving stars from the first generation, they are rare, they have been polluted, or we have been looking in the wrong place. To predict the likely location of Population~III (Pop~III) survivors, we semi-analytically model early star formation in progenitors of Milky Way-like galaxies and their environments. We base our model on merger trees from the high-resolution dark matter only simulation suite \textit{Caterpillar}. Radiative and chemical feedback are taken into account self-consistently, based on the spatial distribution of the haloes. Our results are consistent with the non-detection of Pop III survivors in the Milky Way today. We find that possible surviving Population III stars are more common in Milky Way satellites than in the main Galaxy. In particular, low mass Milky Way satellites contain a much larger fraction of Pop~III stars than the Milky Way. Such nearby, low mass Milky Way satellites are promising targets for future attempts to find Pop~III survivors, especially for high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectroscopic observations. We provide the probabilities to find a Pop~III survivor in the red giant branch phase for all known Milky Way satellites to guide future observations.

M. Magg, T. Hartwig, B. Agarwal, et. al.
Fri, 23 Jun 17
13/48

Comments: 16 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, submitted to MNRAS

# Nuclei of dwarf spheroidal galaxies KKs3 and ESO269-66 and their counterparts in our Galaxy [GA]

We present the analysis of medium-resolution spectra obtained at the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) for nuclear globular clusters (GCs) in two dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs). The galaxies have similar star formation histories, but they are situated in completely different environments. ESO269-66 is a close neighbour of the giant S0 NGC5128. KKs3 is one of the few truly isolated dSphs within 10 Mpc. We estimate the helium abundance $Y=0.3$, $\rm age=12.6\pm1$ Gyr, $[Fe/H]=-1.5,-1.55\pm0.2$ dex, and abundances of C, N, Mg, Ca, Ti, and Cr for the nuclei of ESO269-66 and KKs3. Our surface photometry results using HST images yield the half-light radius of the cluster in KKs3, $\rm r_h=4.8\pm0.2$ pc. We demonstrate the similarities of medium-resolution spectra, ages, chemical compositions, and structure for GCs in ESO269-66 and KKs3 and for several massive Galactic GCs with $[Fe/H]\sim-1.6$ dex. All Galactic GCs posses Extended Blue Horizontal Branches and multiple stellar populations. Five of the selected Galactic objects are iron-complex GCs. Our results indicate that the sample GCs observed now in different environments had similar conditions of their formation $\sim$1 Gyr after the Big Bang.

M. Sharina, V. Shimansky and A. Kniazev
Fri, 23 Jun 17
14/48

Comments: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 14 pages, 8 figures, 10 tables